Architectural Record
search
cart
facebook twitter linkedin youtube
  • Sign In
  • Subscribe
  • Sign Out
  • My Account
Architectural Record
  • NEWS
    • Latest News
    • Awards
    • Interviews
    • Obituaries
    • Podcasts
      • Design:Ed Podcast
      • Sponsored Podcasts
  • OPINION
    • Book Reviews / Excerpts
    • Exhibition Reviews
    • Forum
  • EXCLUSIVES
    • Videos
    • Design Vanguard
    • Top 300 Firms
    • Sponsored Content
    • Sponsored eBooks
    • From the Archives
  • CONTINUING ED
    • Editorial Continuing Ed
    • CE Center
    • CE Academies
  • PROJECTS
    • Buildings By Type
    • Reuse & Renovation
    • Museums & Arts Centers
    • Colleges & Universities
    • Multifamily Housing
    • Interiors
    • Lighting
    • Kitchen & Bath
  • HOUSES
    • Record Houses
    • House of the Month
    • Featured Houses
  • PRODUCTS
    • Products by Category
    • Record Products of the Year
    • Latest Products
  • EVENTS
    • Dates & Events
    • Record on the Road
    • Innovation Conference
    • Sustainability in Practice
    • Women In Architecture
    • Webinars
    • Ad Excellence Awards
    • Submit an Event
  • CONNECT
    • Ask RECORD AI
    • Newsletters
    • Contact
    • Advertise
    • Editorial Calendar
    • Store
    • Customer Service
  • SUBMIT
    • Submission Guidelines
    • RECORD Competitions
  • MAGAZINE
    • Subscribe
    • My Account
    • Digital Edition
    • Current Issue
    • Firm Pass
    • Historic Archive
Opinion

Power at Ground Zero: Politics, Money, and the Rebuilding of Lower Manhattan

By Lynne B. Sagalyn

By Alex Cohen
Players on a World Stage

Power at Ground Zero: Politics, Money, and the Rebuilding of Lower Manhattan, by Lynne B. Sagalyn. Oxford University Press, 928 pages, $39.95.

September 1, 2017

Even on the 16th anniversary of 9/11, Lynn Sagalyn’s exhaustive account of the conflicted planning and troubled execution of the epic redevelopment of Ground Zero is still engaging—especially to those who care about New York’s symbolic center of business. A professor at the Columbia University Business School and founder of its Paul Milstein Center for Real Estate, Sagalyn explains how disunified stakeholders, splintered site control, and shifting leadership resulted in extensive and litigated delays, ballooning budgets, and compromises in design and programmatic elements.

Sagalyn does not offer architectural or urban design evaluations beyond reporting on others’ critiques of Michael Arad and Peter Walker’s National September 11 Memorial, 1 World Trade Center tower designed by David Childs of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, and other key architectural components. This may disappoint some readers. Yet she incisively analyzes how the often conflicting objectives of an array of political and business protagonists, along with 9/11 survivors, shaped (and delayed) a tumultuous process of redevelopment.

Sagalyn’s portrayal of Ground Zero’s reconstruction is as much a story of builders as it is of buildings. The World Trade Center net lease, executed just weeks before 9/11 between developer Larry Silverstein and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (which owns the land and is not accountable to any New York City zoning controls or planning dictates), ultimately meant that Silverstein would have responsibility for rebuild ing all 10 million square feet of lost office space. Since the Port Authority controlled the infrastructure undergirding all construction at the site, there was a challenge: the agency’s intent to restore its lost rental-income stream as quickly as possible slammed against market realities and Silverstein’s resolve to minimize his firm’s risk.

Sagalyn maintains that then–New York State Governor George Pataki, who had nominal control of the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation and its $2.7 billion of federal rebuilding funds, failed to exert leadership during the critical planning phase. Only later did Mayor Michael Bloomberg step in to move the project along. But perhaps most fascinating is her assessment of Silverstein—an antihero who felt his role was to restore Lower Manhattan’s greatness after the disaster of 9/11. His resolve, craftiness, and an expert legal team enabled him to leverage his insurance proceeds and contractual obligations to maximize his profit.

Sagalyn dramatically depicts the highly publicized selection process behind Daniel Libeskind’s master plan for the complex and the eventual undoing of his conceptual design for the centerpiece Freedom Tower, now 1 World Trade Center. Yet Power at Ground Zero does not shy away from more arcane analysis of real-estate market economics and internecine bureaucratic wrangling. While its appeal to those with a primary interest in design may be uneven, Sagalyn’s ambitious tome is the worthwhile read that a project of this magnitude deserves.

Looking for quick answers on architecture and design topics?
Try Ask RECORD, our new smart AI search tool.
Ask RECORD →

KEYWORDS: 9/11 Book Reviews / Excerpts New York City

Share This Story

Looking for a reprint of this article?
From high-res PDFs to custom plaques, order your copy today!

Alex Cohen, a graduate in urban planning at Princeton University, leads the commercial division for the New York real-estate firm CORE.

Post a comment to this article

Report Abusive Comment

Subscription Center
  • Create an Account
  • Start a Subscription
  • Manage My Account
  • Sign Up for Newsletters
  • Visit Customer Service
  • Update Preferences

More Videos

Sponsored Content

Sponsored Content is a special paid section where industry companies provide high quality, objective, non-commercial content around topics of interest to the Architectural Record audience. All Sponsored Content is supplied by the advertising company and any opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and not necessarily reflect the views of Architectural Record or its parent company, BNP Media. Interested in participating in our Sponsored Content section? Contact your local rep!

close
  • TAMLYN XtremeTrim Exterior Trim
    Sponsored byTamlyn

    Designing Cleaner Panel Facades: Why Exterior Trim Details Matter

  • Building with Vapor Barriers
    Sponsored byReef Industries, Inc.

    Vapor Barriers Help Control Moisture in Tighter Building Designs

  • Duct Interior with Prodeq System
    Sponsored byHenry, a Carlisle Company

    Designing Resilient Water Containment Systems

DESIGN:ED Podcast
Listen to Architectural Record’s DESIGN:ED Podcast

Events

June 10, 2026

Rethinking Stormwater – The Power of Porous Paving

Credits: 1 AIA LU/HSW; 1 AIBD P-CE; 0.1 ICC CEU

Learn how porous paving systems support stormwater management, reduce heat island effects, and enhance sustainable site design performance.

June 11, 2026

Very Early Warning Fire Detection for Mission-Critical Facilities

Credits: 1 AIA LU/HSW; 1 AIBD P-CE; 0.1 ICC CEU

Examine advanced fire detection strategies that support uptime and enhance safety in data centers and other mission-critical facilities.

View All Submit An Event

Products

2026 Architect's Square Foot Costbook

2026 Architect's Square Foot Costbook

See More Products

Popular Stories

Coronado Bridge

The Architect’s Guide to San Diego

Practice Matters illustration

What’s in a (Firm’s) Name? Thinking About Succession and Legacy

Practice Matters illustration

By the Numbers: Counting America's Architects

Inward House

Inward House by VeeV Design Studio

Riverdale House by Studio Lau

Riverdale House by Studio Lau

Broader Sustainability of CMU - Free Webinar - May 21, 2026

Related Articles

  • A Tale of Two Rebuilding Efforts at Ground Zero

    See More
  • Skyscraper-Museum-1.jpg

    The Skyscraper Museum Surveys the Fast-Paced Transformation of Lower Manhattan

    See More

Related Products

See More Products
  • drawingfrommodel.jpg

    Drawing from the Model: Fundamentals of Digital Drawing, 3D Modeling, and Visual Programming in Architectural Design

See More Products
×

The latest news and information

#1 Source for Architectural Design, News and Products

SUBSCRIBE
  • RESOURCES
    • Advertise
    • Contact Us
    • Submit
    • Store
  • ACCOUNT CENTER
    • Create an Account
    • Start a Subscription
    • Manage My Account
    • Sign Up for Newsletters
    • Visit Customer Service
    • Update Preferences
  • PRIVACY
    • PRIVACY POLICY
    • TERMS & CONDITIONS
    • DO NOT SELL MY PERSONAL INFORMATION
    • PRIVACY REQUEST
    • ACCESSIBILITY
  • SERVICES
    • Marketing Services
    • Reprints
    • Market Research
    • List Rental
    • Survey/Respondent Access
  • STAY CONNECTED
    • Linkedin
    • Facebook
    • Instagram
    • YouTube
    • X (Twitter)

Copyright ©2026. All Rights Reserved BNP Media, Inc. and BNP Media II, LLC.

Design, CMS, Hosting & Web Development :: ePublishing