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ProjectsBuildings by TypeWorkplace Design

Facebook Building 20

Status Update: Channeling Facebook's startup culture, Frank Gehry creates a mammoth, vibrant warehouse for the social-media company.

By Lydia Lee
Facebook Building 20
Clad in stainless steel, the main entrance adds a sense of architectural identity to the somewhat utilitarian building, which lacks Gehry's signature curves.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
The triple-height lobby becomes a beacon at night.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
The site-specific artwork, one of 15 in the building, is by Brooklyn-based artist Maya Hayuk; the pink cardboard chairs are a Gehry design.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
A plywood-clad stairway lends a rough-and-ready appeal to the mammoth space.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
The rooftop park connects with the surrounding landscape, with views of the Santa Cruz Mountains and San Francisco Bay.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
Glimpses of the park are revealed to employees inside, thanks to three sunken patios.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
The world's largest open-plan office has a lofty exposed ceiling and is partitioned by enclosed conference rooms.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
Power and network cables hang from the ceiling. 'You can just sit down and work,' says Gehry. 'It's welcoming, not precious.' Circulation routes are designated by polished concrete, while work areas are carpeted.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
The cafeteria doubles as an all-hands meeting area.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
The landings on plywood-clad stair in the main visitors lobby provide vantage points over the space and out of the building.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
The building is 1,500 feet long—a fact that is brought home by its scale model.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
Enclosed conference rooms of various sizes are interspersed among the clusters of desks.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
Micro-kitchens are scattered throughout the building.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
One of the building's entry lobbies has a sculptural stair clad in drywall.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
The rooftop park provides a number of different environments and has wide variety of vegetation, including full-sized trees.
 
Photo © Jeremy Bittermann
Facebook Building 20
Image courtesy Gehry Partners
Facebook Building 20
Image courtesy Gehry Partners
Facebook Building 20
Image courtesy Gehry Partners
Facebook Building 20
Image courtesy Gehry Partners
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
Facebook Building 20
August 16, 2015

Architects & Firms

Gehry Partners

Menlo Park, California

People/Products

The challenge presented by Facebook for its first ground-up building could have been from an architecture school studio assignment: design something cool on a modest budget for a client in need of fresh ideas. It was catnip to architect Frank Gehry, who in early 2012 was overseeing the construction of the Fondation Louis Vuitton, a glass sculpture with a seemingly limitless budget. But first he had to convince Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg to let him compete.

By all accounts, Facebook was not interested in hiring a marquee architect to make a structural statement. The company downplays corporate branding and discourages 'Facebook blue' on its existing 57-acre Menlo Park campus, at the southern edge of San Francisco Bay. The company of intense young programmers didn't want a space that would define them. 'We were used to being hermit crabs, moving into someone else's space and adapting it,' says John Tenanes, Facebook's vice president of global facilities and real estate. When Gehry first talked to Zuckerberg, a connection made by friends in high places, the company had already hired Gensler to extend its existing 57-acre campus with a set of four low-rise buildings accompanied by a parking garage. 'I think it was a learning curve for Mark,' says Gehry, who is quick to mention that Bilbao was built for $300 a square foot. 'He thought that to build for those prices, he had to have generically produced architecture. But it turned out that he didn't have to.'

Zuckerberg visited Gehry's own office, a renovated warehouse in Los Angeles, and liked the open daylit space, where architects could gather around large physical models. Gehry assured the young corporate head that he could design something to suit the company's budget and tight timeline, and won the commission.

For the campus extension'located on a narrow 22-acre site, adjacent to the older Facebook complex'the design team created a 1,500-foot-long structure with a continuous workspace on one floor. 'Every time we met with Mark at his office, more [partitions] would be torn down, so it was pretty clear how they liked to work,' says Craig Webb, design partner at Gehry Partners and the project designer. The steel structure sits on a reinforced-concrete podium supported by concrete columns, forming an at-grade, open-air parking garage. Like Gehry's office, the workplace has a lofty height of 25 feet. Based on feedback from city building officials, the structure, clad primarily in stucco and glass, is articulated into four primary masses to reduce its scale.

Nicknamed MPK20 (short for Menlo Park building 20), the elongated building is said to feature the world's largest open-plan office, yet it feels rather contained inside. Like many tech environments, it is organized into 'neighborhoods,' with clusters of desks interspersed with enclosed private conference rooms of various sizes. 'The dilemma was how to make this 400,000-square-foot space not feel like an automobile factory,' says Webb. 'We created a little city under the roof'we practiced indoor urbanism.'

This 'city' is designed without a regular office grid, giving it an ad-hoc, organic quality. A meandering path runs down each side of the building, with several cross-streets. The tall ceiling height also accommodates small mezzanine areas that offer more secluded work environments. 'This is the new paradigm for creative office space,' says Webb. Should the rumblings of discontent with open floor plans someday grow into a roar, the benefit of starting with a large open shell is that there is the flexibility to adapt.

Responding to Facebook's preference for raw, unfinished space'one of the company's tenets is that nothing is ever finished'the design team revealed everything overhead, including large-scale metal ductwork, custom skylight diffusers, and power and network cables that dangle down to the desks (for easy reconfiguring). Adding to the utilitarian ethos, exposed structural elements still have their construction markings on them, circulation routes are concrete (albeit polished), and conference rooms are simple boxlike gypsum board structures that could be torn down without much fuss. A bright and spacious cafeteria, anchoring one end of the building, offers the prime perk: three free meals a day. Here, everything from duck-confit pot pie to whole-wheat mango scones is made on-site in a large open kitchen. (Easy access to food is a big part of the design, with 14 coffee-dispensing micro-kitchens scattered throughout, two eateries under construction on the opposite end, and a grilled-cheese and potato bar planned for the roof.)

According to Gehry, Facebook did splurge a little on the rooftop park, which added about 10 percent to the overall cost. Initially proposed by the architect's team as a sustainability measure, the concept expanded into a full-fledged park. The '-mile loop with numerous branching paths accommodates 'walking meetings,' a popular way to conduct one-on-one confabs in Silicon Valley. When you are in the rooftop park, buffeted by the winds coming off the Bay, it feels like being on the crest of a hill. Buckling-restrained braces are in place to resist seismic forces. These supports also help manage the load of soil, plantings'including full-sized trees'and up to 5,000 people. Three glass-walled sunken patios break through the roofline and provide glimpses of the greenery from within.

While the architects were 'constantly trading amenities' to meet the budget, says Gehry, there are several distinct moments where the architecture asserts itself. The main visitors entrance, Lobby 4, is a triple-height space clad in stainless-steel panels. Within the sunlit volume, a sculptural staircase is clad in plywood: a humble material used to glorious effect.

Upstairs, the overall atmosphere is one of calm and quiet. 'A couple of hours after we moved in, people were hard at work,' says Tenanes. 'The space felt so natural to everyone.' One flight down, on the main office floor, an employee printout on one wall reads: 'Facebook Life Event: Saw Frank Gehry in a Frank Gehry building.


People

Client/Owner: Facebook

Architect:
Gehry Partners, LLP
12541 Beatrice Street
Los Angeles, CA 90066
(310) 482-3000
(310) 482-3006

Personnel in architect's firm who should receive special credit:
Frank Gehry, Design Partner, Architect
Craig Webb, Project Designer, Architect  
Brian Aamoth, Project Partner, Architect
John Bowers, Project Partner, Architect
Jeffrey Wauer, Project Manager/ Architect, Architect
Meaghan Lloyd, Chief of Staff
Gregory Sobotka, Project Team Leader, Architect
Heather Waters, Project Team Leader, Architect
Mark Homes, Project Team Leader

Project Team:
Ron Tannenbaum
Kumiko Koda
Juan Minaya, Architect
Morri Freeman
Nancy Putnam
Lizbeth Barcena
Rafael Lopez
Krikor Hovaguimian
Alvar Mensana
Cody Campbell
Justin Oh
Joseph Justus
Will Fox
Britta Wangstad
Marvin Kim

Architect of record: Gehry Partners, LLP

Engineers
Structural Engineer: Forell|Elsesser Engineers, Inc.
Civil Engineers: BKF Engineers
Landscape Architect: CMG landscape architecture
Mechanical: PAE
Electrical/Telecom: PAE
Plumbing: PAE

Consultant(s):
Lighting: L’Observatoire International
Acoustics: Newson Brown Acoustics
Door Hardware: Door+Hardware Conslutants
Elevator: HKA Elevator Consulting
Event AV: Sonitus Consulting
BIM Consultant: Gehry Technologies, Inc.
Sustainability Consultant: Brightworks
Project and Cost Management: Cumming
Environmental and Geotechnical: Cornerstone

General contractor: Level10 Construction

Photographer(s):
Jeremy Bittermann

Size:

433,000 square feet

Cost:

withheld

Completion date:

March 2015

 

Products

Structural system
Foundation: auger cast displacement piles and grade beams.
Garage podium: formed concrete
Office structure: structural steel with BRB lateral framing

Exterior cladding
Curtain wall: 3-coat Portland cement plaster with Dryvit Sandblast NTX finish

Metal Panels: Stainless steel panel cladding, non-directional angelhair finish:The Rimex Metals Group

Metal/glass curtain wall: Kawneer 1600 Wall System / Viracon VE1-2M insulating glass with ceramic frit

Roofing
Built-up roofing: Green Roof: American Hydrotech 6125EV

Elastomeric: Siplast PC-227

Modified Bituminous built-up roofing: Siplast Paradine
Exterior Canopies: corrugated stainless steel: Centria Econolap
Corrugated polycarbonate: Palram Sunsky

Windows
Wood frame: custom fabricated interior glazed wood window walls: Isec

Metal frame: Kawneer 8400TL

Glazing
Glass: Viracon VE1-2M insulating glass with ceramic frit

Skylights: Viracon VE1-2M insulating glass

Doors
Entrances: Kawneer

Metal doors: Curries

Wood doors: Flush: Eggers Industries
Stile and Rail: Summit Woodworking

Sliding doors: Horton

Sectional overhead doors: Arm-R-Lite

Fire-control doors: Cookson
Security grilles: Cookson

Hardware
Locksets: Schlage

Closers: LCN

Exit devices: VonDuprin

Pulls: Rockwood

Interior finishes
Acoustical ceilings: Baswaphon

Suspension grid: USG ClimaPlus Radar

Acoustical wall paneling: Ecoustic panels
Special acoustical wall surfacing: Acoustical Surfaces Inc, Echo Eliminator

Cabinetwork and custom woodwork: Douglas fir plywood, Isec

Paints and stains: Kelly-Moore Paints

Paneling: Douglas fir plywood, Isec

Plastic laminate microkitchen countertops: Abet Laminati

Restroom floor and wall tile: Royal Mosa porcelain 6x12 wall tile, Royal Mosa 12x24 porcelain floor tile

Single user restroom floor and wall tile: Royal Mosa 8x24 ceramic wall tile, Royal Mosa 12x24 porcelain floor tile

Recycled Wood flooring: Pioneer Millworks

Carpet: Interface

Resilient sheet flooring in elevator cabs: Mondo Ramflex

Resinous Flooring: Dex-o-Tex Decor-flor

Furnishings
Office furniture: KI

Reception furniture: Custom by Isec

Fixed seating: Custom by Isec

Chairs: Herman Miller Aeron

Tables: Custom Mash Industries

Upholstery: varies

Lighting
Interior ambient lighting: Phoenix Lighting and Bartco

Downlights: Targetti

Conference room lighting: Finelite and Kurt Versen

Exterior: Bega and Targetti

Dimming System or other lighting controls:  Lutron and ETC

Conveyance
Elevators/Escalators: Otis

Accessibility provision: McKinley Elevator Corporation

Plumbing
All plumbing fixtures are water saving low-flow type:
Lavatory faucets:  Sloan
Flush valves: Sloan
Showers: Bricor

Energy
Energy management or building automation system: Alerton

Other unique products that contribute to sustainability:
LED lighting throughout
High efficiency heating and cooling equipment including chillers, boilers, cooling towers, pumps, etc.

 
KEYWORDS: California

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Lydia Lee is a freelance writer in the San Francisco Bay Area, focused on architecture and design.

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