No Shadow Towers for the River Thames

The Bright Idea: NBBJ proposes a set of "shadowless" towers for London's rapidly changing skyline.

For their theoretical “No Shadow Tower,” architects from NBBJ chose a site on London’s Greenwich Peninsula, next to the O2 Arena. <br /><br /> — For their theoretical “No Shadow Tower,” architects from NBBJ chose a site on London’s Greenwich Peninsula, next to the O2 Arena.

*Image courtesy NBBJ*

The scheme consists of two towers, kidney-shaped in plan, which define a plaza at the ground.<br /><br /> — The scheme consists of two towers, kidney-shaped in plan, which define a plaza at the ground.

*Image courtesy NBBJ*

The sculptural towers would be iconic and recognizable on the skyline, but the designers’ main concern was the quality of the public space surrounding them.<br /> — The sculptural towers would be iconic and recognizable on the skyline, but the designers’ main concern was the quality of the public space surrounding them.

*Image courtesy NBBJ*

The scheme, developed with parametric design, reflects sunlight off the south facade of the taller building to essentially erase the shadow created by the shorter one. <br /><br /> — The scheme, developed with parametric design, reflects sunlight off the south facade of the taller building to essentially erase the shadow created by the shorter one.

*Image courtesy NBBJ*

The reflected sunlight would create constantly shifting pools of light and shadow in the plaza between the two buildings.<br /><br /> — The reflected sunlight would create constantly shifting pools of light and shadow in the plaza between the two buildings.

*Image courtesy NBBJ*

The towers would be mixed-use, helping ensure activity at the base throughout the week and over the course of a day.<br /><br /> — The towers would be mixed-use, helping ensure activity at the base throughout the week and over the course of a day.

*Image courtesy NBBJ*

Architects from the global firm NBBJ have designed what they call a “No Shadow Tower” for a site along the Thames River in London. The hypothetical scheme, developed in response to a call for ideas from the architecture think tank New London Architecture (NLA), offers one way to lessen the impact of tall buildings on the urban fabric surrounding them.

Despite its name, the NBBJ proposal consists not of a single tower, but a pair of glass-clad skyscrapers—one about 50 stories tall and the other about 30 stories. Kidney-shaped in plan, with their concave elevations facing each other, the two buildings together define a plaza at the ground. This space captured NBBJ’s attention. “Although tall buildings have an impact on the skyline, their success or failure comes down to what occurs at the base,” says Christian Coop, design director of the firm’s London office.

NBBJ’s proposed scheme has a similar goal to Jean Nouvel’s recently completed One Central Park complex in Sydney, which depends on a giant heliostat to illuminate a garden that would otherwise often be in shade. But NBBJ uses the geometry of the buildings themselves to mitigate their shadows. The two London towers subtly twist and flair, with floor plates that are slightly larger on the upper floors. Developed with parametric design, the configuration is intended to reflect sunlight from the south face of the taller tower into the plaza below. This arrangement would create what Coop describes as dynamic pools of light.

The designers maintain that their skyscrapers would avoid problems like those notoriously experienced at another London tower—Rafael Viñoly’s 20 Fenchurch Street, better known as the Walkie Talkie. In 2013, while the 37-story office building was still under construction, part of a car was scorched by sunlight bouncing off its south facade. (The problem has since been corrected with a series of aluminum fins). Unlike Viñoly’s tower, NBBJ’s would diffuse the reflected light rather than concentrate it on a single point, explains David Kosdruy, head of computational design in the firm’s London office.

Kosdruy and Coop see their strategy as one that could be applied to sites in rapidly developing cities worldwide. But it is especially appropriate for London, where more than 260 buildings taller than 20 stories have been or approved, or are already under construction, according to NLA. Says Coop, “We have London talking.”

Watch their video proposal below.

Joann Gonchar, FAIA, LEED AP, is deputy editor at Architectural Record. She joined RECORD in 2006, after working for eight years at its sister publication, Engineering News-Record. Before starting her career as a journalist, Joann worked for several architecture firms and spent three years in Kobe, Japan, with the firm Team Zoo, Atelier Iruka. She earned a Master of Architecture degree from the University of Pennsylvania and a Bachelor of Arts from Brown University. She is licensed to practice architecture in New York State.